Canine Pancreatitis

Pancreatitis is a painful inflammatory condition of the pancreas which occurs commonly in dogs.

–The pancreas is responsible for secreting and releasing enzymes that aid in the digestion of fat, carbohydrates, and proteins.

– Normally, pancreatic enzymes are produced in an inactive state and travel through the pancreatic duct to the duodenum. Once they reach the small intestine, they are activated to begin digestion.

– During inflammation of the pancreas, these enzymes are activated prematurely in the pancreas and cause damage to the pancreas or surrounding tissue.

Diagnosis and the diagnostic approach to pancreatitis remain challenging due to the variable severity and inconsistent presenting clinical signs associated with the disease. A strong suspicion of pancreatitis is often gained based on a dog's clinical signs and history, but a more definitive diagnosis is achieved through the use of abdominal ultrasound and blood tests. Below are some of the clinical findings that can be used in conjunction to arrive at the most appropriate diagnosis of pancreatitis.

– Physical exam

– History

– Radiographs and routine blood tests may be required to rule out other diseases

– Specialized test

– Canine pancreas-specific lipase test, such as the bioguard cPL test.

– An abdominal ultrasound to confirm inflammation of the pancreas

– Decreased appetite

Consequently, the diagnosis of pancreatitis may be tentative or presumptive in some cases and based solely on clinical signs and medical history.